This book focuses on open and distance learning during crises using Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) as COVID-19 pandemic brought it again to the front line. This book provides both practical case studies and theoretical knowledge about how MOOCs should be designed to enhance open education, especially in times of crises. Particularly, it covers different stakeholders, including educators, learners and instructional designers. The book will benefit readers by helping them understand how MOOCs should be designed and used to maintain education in innovative ways, based on the COVID-19 experience. It also exemplifies future education of MOOCs. Additionally, this book further contributes to the recent initiative launched by The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), calling for more research and debate on how knowledge and education should be designed in a complex and uncertain world.