This book arises from a cybersecurity conference at the University of Adelaide attended by a group of government and academic experts. It presents the possible responses Australia can take to deter and respond to cybersecurity threats. It also examines the legal responsibility for cyber security and artificial intelligence, asking who (if anyone) bears responsibility for the myriad legal issues that arise. This book presents an authoritative legal framework for understanding the liability and responsibility of actors involved in cyberspace and the use of artificial intelligence. Providing an overarching summary of cybersecurity and artificial intelligence threats, followed by detailed analysis of potential authorizations and limitations regulating policy and governance responses, this book canvases a wide spectrum of civil and criminal frameworks. It is comprehensive enough to be useful for a wide cross-section of the Australian society in a range of sectors: individual users, small businesses, tertiary institutions, large corporations, and government. It is also beneficial to military personnel in outlining the legal frameworks available in times of armed conflict.