Theodore H. Stanley, M.D. Anesthesiology and Pain Management contains the Refresher Course manuscripts of the presentations of the 36th Annual Postgraduate Course in Anesthesiology which took place at The Cliff Conference Center in Snowbird, Utah, February 22-26, 1991. The chapters reflect new data and concepts within the general framework of "pain research and basic science," "clinical topics in pain management." The purposes of the textbook are to 1) act as a reference for the anesthesiologists attending the meeting, and 2) serve as a vehicle to bring many of the latest concepts in anesthesiology to others within a short time of the formal presentation. Each chapter is a brief but sharply focused glimpse of the interests in anesthesia expressed at the conference. This book and its chapters should not be considered complete treatises on the subjects addressed but rather attempts to summarize the most salient points. This textbook is the ninth in a continuing series documenting the proceedings of the Postgraduate Course in Salt Lake City. We hope that this and the past and future volumes reflect the rapid and continuing evolution of anesthesiology in the late twentieth century. ix list of Contributors Ashburn, Michael A. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Basbaum, Allan Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California Bonica, John J. Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Cousins, Michael J.