This book collects the insights from the researchers of International Schumpeter Society and focuses on the interaction of technology development and global sustainable development. It explores in the following four areas: first, the evolutionary process of economic transformation, the effects of disruptive technological changes, and complexity issues in economics; second, the development trends of contemporary technological transformation, the path of sustainable development driven by technological innovation, and the opportunities and challenges brought by the digital economy; third, technological innovation and industrial upgrading in developing countries, the technological and institutional reasons for leapfrog development in latecomer countries, and the technological innovation driving the accelerated iteration of emerging industries; fourth, the collaborative mechanisms of innovation and entrepreneurship, the role of innovation and entrepreneurial spirit, and the transformation of education and entrepreneurial methods to adapt to the digital economy. Through a comprehensive exploration of these issues, it systematically addresses the significant question of how to seek new impetus for global sustainable development from the perspective of new technological transformation amid a global economic downturn.