The Handbook aims to provide a comprehensive review of research on logical thought in China by both Chinese and non-Chinese scholars. It highlights and summarizes important areas of controversy and general agreement, while giving prime importance to clarity of exposition. The title covers Chinese thought on reasoning and argumentation, the influence of non-Chinese logic on Chinese thought, and the systematic aspects of reasoning other than the classical canon of ‘logic’ texts. By bringing together different perspectives, it seeks to provide a multifaceted and comprehensive presentation on this rich and sometimes perplexing phenomenon.