This book offers a biographical, intellectual and academic history of sociology in the late Qing and Republic of China period. The 46 sociologists featured in this volume are chosen from the pantheon of notable scholars who labored in this burgeoning field. Each of the 46 chapters is devoted to introducing one sociologist. Every chapter begins with a short biography that sheds light on how one sociologist became the scholar they were and earned their place in not only sociology, but also, for some of them, other fields in the social sciences and the humanities. This is followed by a review and analysis of the representative works by this sociologist, and how those laid the foundation for and contributed to the early development of a particular field of research in sociology as we know it today. The book weaves together a history of this academic discipline in China over those turbulent decades that organically combines personal details, methodological development, institutional changes and also larger social, economic and intellectual trends.