This book systematically discusses the theory and dynamics of climate change, especially short-term climate change. There has a lot of publications on climate dynamics since the late 1980s, but none of them reflect the climate dynamics as the essence of the discipline combining diagnostic analysis with dynamics theory. This book strives to combine the statistical and diagnostic analysis of data with kinetic theory and numerical simulation trying to make the reader not only aware of it, but also to understand the underlying reasons. As an introduction to climate dynamics, there still have some problems yet not to be the perfect solutions so far. Fortunately, research on climate dynamics and climate prediction theory has drawn the attention and support from national level and is being carried out in an organized manner. It will be beneficial to the research and development of climate dynamics in China and abroad.