This book provides an overview of the most important issues related to innovation and technology and knowledge transfer, drawing from a number of case studies from across Europe. This publication is part of the project ‘The transfer of knowledge – the analysis of the science-business relationship for the Regional Innovation Strategy in Mazovia region’ co-financed by the Polish government and the European Social Fund within the framework of the Action 2.6 – Regional Innovation Strategies and the Transfer of Knowledge. Thanks to its scope and transnational dimension, this book will provide useful references and insights to national and international organisations working on innovation and, in particular, motivate them to intensify their efforts on innovation and technology and knowledge transfer.