The aim of this book is to educate clinicians and basic scientists in the multiple roles that bacteria have as causative as well as therapeutic agents in urologic disease. Within this scope, clinicians will be introduced and educated about the basic mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis that lead to disease, as well as the non-pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to the prevention and treatment of patients. Conversely, basic scientists will be educated about the clinical implications of bacterial based therapeutics and infections. By combining the basic science and clinical views, this book will serve to bring both basic scientists and clinicians onto an even plain that may raise ideas for future collaborative research.