This book publishes the English translation of texts that appeared first in Gennan in two separate booklets. Part One, The Ethics of Capitalism includ- ing the comment by JAMES M. BUCHANAN, has been published in Gennan under the title Ethik des Kapitalismus, Ttibingen (J.C.B. Mohr [paul Sie- beck)) 1982, 5th edition 1995, in the series "Walter Eucken Institut, Vort:rt1ge und Aufsatze", vol. 87. Part Two, Evolution and Society. A Critique of So- ciobiology, appeared first in German under the title Evolution und Gesell- schaft. Eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Soziobiologie, Ttibingen (J.e.B. Mohr [Paul Siebeck)) 1984, 2nd edition 1989, in the same series, vol. 98. Part One of the book has been translated by the author, Part Two by DAVID AMBUEL. I should like to thank Liberty Fund Inc., Indianapolis, USA, for its sup- port of the translation of Part Two, Georg Siebeck of J.C.B. Mohr (paul Siebeck) Publishers, Ttibingen, for the pennission to publish the English translation of the two essays and to my co-workers at the Forschungsinstitut ftir Philosophie Hannover -The Hannover Institute of Philosophical Re- search, Hannover, Germany, for their support in editing this volume.