This book highlights the various aspects of architectural research based on field studies and real-time data including the data collection methods and the methodology and materials required. The output of every study is knowledge based and informed decision that helps architects and designers in decision making process at an early stage. The output of the book bridges the architectural research methods and its application in contemporary world through a thorough understanding of sustainable building materials, construction techniques and its quantified consequences on thermal performance. This book is aimed at researchers and professionals to assist in understanding the strategies, tacts and methods of a scientific approach to assess building performance through real-life case studies from India. The implication of what is being done in the contemporary world is highlighted which will help practicing architects make design decisions.