This book advises the reader on the mechanics of starting a basic science research career as an academic surgeon. Written by established content experts, the chapters are both comprehensive and practical in their approach. The book includes a suggested timeline for the initial academic appointment, including how to setup and fund the laboratory and identifying appropriate scientific mentors and lab personnel. It also describes the application of basic and advanced research techniques, including animal models, flow cytometry, gene editing, tissue engineering, and microbiome analysis. Success in Academic Surgery: Basic Science is an essential guidebook for senior residents or fellows approaching their first academic appointment, young faculty in the process of establishing their research career, and more senior investigators interested in expanding their research horizons.