This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Third Workshop on Combinatorial and Algorithmic Aspects of Networking, held in Chester, UK in July 2006, co-located with the 13th Colloquium on Structural Information and Communication Complexity, SIROCCO 2006. The 10 revised full papers and one invited lecture cover a range from the Web graph to game theory to string matching, all in the context of large-scale networks.