This book gathers selected papers from the KES-IDT 2024 conference, held in Madeira, Portugal, on June 19–21, 2024. The book presents and discusses the latest research results and generates new ideas in the field of intelligent decision-making. The range of topics discussed is classification, prediction, data analysis, big data, data science, decision support, knowledge engineering, and modeling in diverse areas such as finance, cybersecurity, economics, health, management, and transportation. The problems in Industry 4.0 and IoT are also addressed. The book contains several sections devoted to specific topics, such as intelligent data processing and its applications, high-dimensional data analysis and its applications, multi-criteria decision analysis—theory and applications, large-scale systems for intelligent decision-making and knowledge engineering, decision technologies, and related topics in big data analysis of social and financial issues and decision-making theory for economics.