The volume examines urbanization and migration trends and their patterns in the light of India's emerging urban policy, planning and governance perspectives. It sheds light on the differences in urbanization between developed and less developed parts of the world, with a particular focus on India. It studies migration in general and rural to urban migration particular which plays a significant role in economic and urban transition. The chapters highlight important methodological issues in determining the nature of ‘urban’ and the magnitude of internal migration. Furthermore, the book presents the contributions of different factors to urban population growth, including natural increase, net rural-to-urban migration, and net rural-to-urban classification, to reflect the relationship between economic development and urbanization. It also elaborates on the regional economic disparities in India and its association with urbanization. The book elucidates the opportunities and challenges of urbanisation, presents explanations and perspectives from various theoretical and epistemological standpoints emphasising the role of a people centric inclusive urbanisation in sustainable development and human wellbeing. The book is aligned with SDG Goal 11, which emphasizes the need to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. It distinguishes between urban development policies focused solely on cities and their issues and urbanisation policies. Overall, this book is a valuable resource for researchers, students, and teachers of city planning, urban development, and urban studies, as well as policymakers.