This book examines how Japan, transforming itself into a society that celebrates its rich diversity, is now providing support to its children and youth. It presents a multilayered picture of support provided to, or planned for, young people from the perspective of Human Sciences. It overturns stereotypical impressions of education and youth services in Japan. Part One 'Diversity and Inclusion in School Curriculum' depicts the latest trends, ranging from the reality of 'Tokkatsu' to the transformation of extracurricular activities, and the state of educational support for children with special needs. Part Two 'Inclusive Society and Lifelong Learning' takes a broader view of learning and focuses on the latest practices for building an inclusive society. Part Three 'Support and Assessment in School and Society' includes analytical papers centered on the evaluation of programs aimed at establishing people's well-being, and well-being itself. This book offers multiple perspectives and serves as a valuable literature source for researchers.