This volume examines the various issues in access to health issues and the role of intellectual property rights in access to drugs and the scope for using traditional medicine in public health. A team of experts from China, India, UK, Germany, The Netherlands, Norway and the Philippines have contributed to this volume. The volume examines Health Impact Fund, a mechanism that is proposed to incentivise R&D in neglected diseases and enhance access to drugs, and analyses how China and India can cooperate in traditional medicine sector besides providing reviews on the status of traditional medicine in both countries and the challenges before that sector in China and India in regulation, intellectual property rights and industrial policy. This is a unique volume that makes a significant contribution to the debates on access to medicine and role of traditional medicine in public health.