National Research Council; Division on Earth and Life Studies; Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate; Committee on the Atmos National Academies Press (2003) Pehmeäkantinen kirja
National Research Council; Division on Earth and Life Studies; Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate; Committee on the Futur National Academies Press (2007) Pehmeäkantinen kirja
National Research Council; Division on Earth and Life Studies; Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate; Committee on the Evalu National Academies Press (2008) Pehmeäkantinen kirja
National Research Council; Division on Earth and Life Studies; Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate; Committee on the Asses National Academies Press (2012) Pehmeäkantinen kirja
For many years, communities have prepared themselves to deal with accidental atmospheric releases from industrial sites, energy facilities, and vehicles transporting hazardous materials. Today, these communities must also worry about the terrorist threat of the intentional use of chemical, biological, and nuclear (C/B/N) agents. Because of this threat, the ability to predict and track the dispersal of harmful agents has become a critical element of terrorism planning and response.
Our nation's capacity to respond to atmospheric C/B/N events stands, like a three legged stool, on the strength of three interconnected elements: 1) dispersion models that predict the path and spread of the hazardous agent; 2) observations of the hazardous plume itself and of local meteorological conditions, which provide critical input for the models; and 3) interaction with emergency responders who use the information provided by the models.
As part of the National Academies continuing focus on issues of homeland security, Tracking and Predicting the Atmospheric Dispersion of Hazardous Material Releases examines our nation's current capabilities in these three areas and provides recommendations for strengthening them.
Table of Contents
Front Matter Executive Summary 1. Introduction 2. User Needs 3. Observational Capabilities and Needs 4. Dispersion Modeling: Application to C/B/N Releases References Acronyms and Abbreviations Committee Biographies Appendix A: Workshop Agenda and Participant List Appendix B: Overview of Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling Appendix C: Meteorological Observing Systems for Tracking and Modeling C/B/N Plumes Appendix D: Scientific and Technical Information Needs of Emergency First Responders Appendix E: Ensemble Simulations with Coupled Atmospheric Dynamic and Dispersion Models: Illustrating Uncertainties in Dosage Simulations Appendix F: Modeling Studies of the Dispersion of Smoke Plumes from the World Trade Center Fires Appendix G: Use of Atmospheric Models in Response to the Chernobyl Disaster Appendix H: Preparatory Exercises at the Salt Lake City Olympics Appendix I: URBAN 2000 Overview Color Plates
