The focus of Sports Medicine and Neuropsychology is the question of what role the neuropsychologist should have in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of sports-related concussions. The goal of this special issue is to examine the most current issues facing this growing and dynamic field of neuropsychology. The first article is dedicated to reviewing current issues in the neuropsychological assessment of concussions in sports-related events. The next paper examines data on over six million practice-and-game-exposures among athletes participating in the NCAA's Injury Surveillance System. Two contributions examine the empirical role that neuropsychologists can have in the area of concussion research. The final two papers review the advantages and limitations on computer-based assessment of sports-related concussions and discuss neuropsychology's role in return-to-play decisions following them.