The book is devoted to the assessment of innovation competitiveness of BRICS countries. It covers different aspects of science, technology and innovation in BRICS including status of STI in each country, the intra-BRICS collaboration in the field of STI, prospects of collaboration with BRICS+ countries, as well as a special chapter covering innovation development of BRICS in ICT.  The book presents chapters authored by leading experts in STI policy and analysis from BRICS countries. The key questions addressed in the book cover peculiarities of national innovation systems of BRICS countries, their science, technology and innovation policies.