High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Carbondale is a city in Osage County, Kansas, United States. It is part of the Topeka, Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,478 at the 2000 census. Founded in 1872, the community is served by Santa Fe Trail school district USD 434, which also serves Scranton and Overbrook. The Carbondale attendance center houses grades K-8 and in 2007 had enrollment of 326 students. From 1906 to 1908 the Daughters of the American Revolution of Kansas placed sixty-six markers along the path of the Santa Fe Trail as it ran through Kansas. Number seventeen is located in Carbondale.