This book is a revised, up-to date edition of An Alphabetical Guide to Wales and the Welsh first published in 2005. While every effort has been made to ascertain the correctness of the information provided in this book, some of the dates, especially those of the medieval period, may be approximate. Birth dates are included for contemporary Welsh men and women whenever they have been provided. It is perfectly understandable why many contemporaries do not wish to have their birthdates disclosed. Regrettably, it is impossible to include every person who has contributed in some way or other to the history, culture, language, entertainment, or sporting traditions of Wales, either at home or abroad, nor is it possible in the scope of this book to include every place, historical event or local tradition, but the most important are listed here in 2,700 entries. Places and people (even animals of special interest)) are included if they have played a role, no matter how small, in the development of the Welsh nation or have contributed to its cultural and social milieu. Some names are included for their unusual character or special interest. Mythological personages or beasts are included if they are believed to have helped create the Welsh character via the nation's literature.. In the Welsh alphabet Ch, Dd, Ff, Ng, Ll, Rh, Th, and Ph are separate letters. To save confusion for non-Welsh readers, with two exceptions, entries follow the order of the English alphabet, so that words beginning with Ch are listed under C; words beginning with Th are listed under T. In the exceptions, following normal Welsh rules, words beginning with Ll are not listed after L, but under Ll; words beginning with Th arefound not under T, but under Th. The following letters do not appear in the Welsh alphabet: J, K, Q, V, X, and Z (notwithstanding Catherine Zeta Jones and all the other Joneses). No entries in this book have been taken from the Encyclopedia iii of Wales that was first published in 2007. All entries have been chosen by the editor and are thus his sole responsibility. He hopes that you will be enlightened and entertained by his efforts.