These books will serve well as texts for an introductory course for doctoral level students in Educational Measurement. Even more important, they provide for the practicing measurement professional an easy reference source of the landmark articles, papers, and chapters on which educational measurement has been built. Much of this literature is no longer easily accessible. Organized into two volumes, the first deals with basic concepts: theories of measurement and testing, validity, and reliability. The second volume covers the theory and practice of practical problems in educational measurement: test development, item evaluation, scales and norms, bias, equating and standard setting.