This is another publication from the series devoted to Polish political reflection on the integration of Central and Eastern Europe. The reader will find here texts of historians, political scientists, and experts in the field of international relations. The texts concern relations between Poland and Poles, and the nations of Central and Eastern Europe: Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania encompassing the period from the late nineteenth to the beginning of the twenty-first century. Apart from the facts concerning mutual relations between Warsaw, Budapest, Prague, Bratislava, and Bucharest, the authors discuss also their outset – Polish concepts shaping relations with Magyars, Czechs, Slovaks, and Romanians and their sovereign states that regained independence in the twentieth century.