Metabolomics enables new scientific discoveries in the life sciences that make it of increasing interest in biology. Focusing on analysing different small molecules produced or modified by living cells in a high throughput fashion, metabolomics plays an essential role in functional genomics and systems biology studies. Starting with a general introduction to the field, this research-level book addresses the unique challenges associated with microbial metabolomics, such as low biomass concentration and distinction between intra- and extracellular compounds, covering the latest developments in microbial metabolomics before discussing data generation and analysis and applications of quantitative metabolomics.