France and the Netherlands have said no to the European Constitutional Treaty. The reasons for this no were varied. In addition to domestic political motives, contradictory fears were in play. Some thought the Treaty brought with it 'too much Europe'. Some thought it did not bring enough Europe. Others, particularly in the Netherlands, were protesting against the supposed cost of Europe. Yet others thought that the European Union's enlargement has gone ahead much too quickly. What is the next step? Europe is at a crossroads. But the choice is simple. Should we let Europe shrivel to a simple free trade zone, as some wish? Or do we take up again the European challenge and create a genuinely political Europe, a Europe that can play a role in the world; a Europe with the capacity to modernise its own economy and respond to the economic developments coming from China, India and Japan. The Belgian Prime Minister, Guy Verhofstadt does not mince his words. He wishes to create a 'United States of Europe,' with all member states of the European Union participating if possible, with a group of 'pioneers' if necessary. His book is required reading for anyone who cares about Europe.