Equity in education is well recognized as central to achieving inclusive growth and development. The second in the series initiated by the Centre for Policy Research in Higher Education of the National University of Educational Planning and Administration, India Higher Education Report 2016 focuses on the theme of equity in higher education. The report examines issues related to the expansion of higher education; economic, social, regional and gender inequalities and their implications on education; student diversity and discrimination; and the changing roles of the state, market and private sector in a period of massification of the education sector. The book also addresses topics on learning outcomes, and employment and employability of higher education graduates. The discussions in the book centre on the theoretical perspectives and empirical evidences. This book will be an important resource for academics, policy makers, civil society organizations, media and those concerned with higher education and development. It will also be useful to scholars and researchers of education, public policy, sociology and economics.