This volume provides a comprehensive compilation of the latest science of dietary nitrate sources, potential human health effects and sustainable remedial strategies. It provides practical, data-driven resources based on evidence to help the reader understand the basic science of nitrate in plants and humans. The overarching goal of the text is to provide fully referenced information to plant scientists and health professionals; so that they may have a balanced perspective on nitrate consumption, and on the value of various preventive and treatment options.