Informative and captivating, this record examines the present structure of the South African economy and asks what needs to be done to meet the challenges of deep poverty, high unemployment, and growing inequality that still mark the nation after 15 years of democracy. Considering the role that a developmental state could play in effecting change, it argues that despite being a resource-rich country, South Africa and its people do not benefit proportionally from the use of these resources due to difficulties in the realm of public decision-making. Written by leading thinkers within the African National Congress (ANC), this book belongs to a series that offers short yet informative introductions to ANC history, politics, and policy.