This volume is intended to supply teachers with sample assessment items that produce an accurate picture of their students' thinking, to guide teachers' instructional decisions and to serve as models for creating original assessment items. The items are selected or modified from state, national and international assessments; textbooks; private collections of mathematics educators and originally written problems. The types of items include multiple choice, short response and extended response.

All items either require students to explain their answers or ask comparative questions among answer choices. Some items are scaffolded so that all students have access to them; only a few items require the use of a calculator. Selected samples of student work either exemplify a correct response or typify certain categories of student errors.

Series edited by: Anne Collins