Central to this volume is the collapse of the so-called Marxist regimes of Eastern Europe. This volume, written in the light of the apparent complete failure of the Marxian political project, aims to present, in an accessible way, a thematic synthesis of the critical debates. The emphasis is placed on Marxist politics in practice, looking at questions of class alliances, parliamentary forms of democracy, nationalism and the future of Marxism. Debates are set within their historical context; their significance for contemporary politics, both in Eastern Europe and the rest of the world, is evaluated and they are related to the problems found in Marx's original project.