This book investigates Italian foreign cultural policy from the 1947 Constitution to the present. The analysis reveals two interesting and parallel features: on the one hand the requirement to promote ‘high culture’ and on the other the need to deal with complex issues relating to emigration. How has this dilemma inherent in Italian foreign cultural policy been dealt with? To what extent has the Italian State confronted these two apparently opposite challenges? The Australian context is used here as an example to show how the dichotomy of migrants versus culture-promotion abroad has gradually been addressed, with a view to a reconciliation which now seems imminent.