Research in Finland -A History starts with the first young Finnish men who enrolled at the University of Paris in 1313 and proceeds through seven centuries to the beginning of the 21 st century. This book of the history of research and scholarship in Finland is divided in two parts. The first main section of the book discusses the general history of research and research policies. The second section, beginning with a synthesis of the orientations of research in Finland by Ilkka Niiniluoto, professor of theoretical philosophy and rector of the University of Helsinki, contains articles on specific disciplines. The contributors are leading researchers and scholars in their respective fields. The book seeks to give foreign readers a broad and detailed view of the achievements and present state of research and scholarship in Finland.