The political orientations of ordinary citizens in the Arab and MuslimMiddle East have engaged Mark Tessler since the late 1960s. The 13 research reportscollected in this volume examine the nature and determinants of citizen attitudestoward governance and democracy, the political role of Islam, gender equality, andinternational conflict. Addressing issues of doing survey research in the MiddleEast, particularly in areas of conflict and under repressive political conditions, these articles trace the development of key concerns and methodological questions inthe study of politics and society in this region.