We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, Transactions on Computational Science. This journal is part of the Springer series Lecture Notes in Computer Science, and is devoted to the gamut of computational science issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was envisioned and founded to represent the growing needs of computational science as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the computational science community, addressing researchers and practitioners in areas ranging from aerospace to biochemistry, from electronics to geosciences, from mathematics to software architecture, presenting verifiable computational methods, findings, and solutions. Transactions on Computational Science focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of computational science in parallel and distributed environments, encompassing facilitation of the theoretical foundations and the applications of lar- scale computations to massive data processing. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share computational techniques and solutions in the area, to identify new issues and to shape future directions for research, while industrial users may apply techniques of leading-edge, large-scale, high-performance computational methods.