The main aim of this book is to focus on research in the mechanobiology of cartilage and chondrocyte, and to promote the creation of new studies and collaborations in the osteo-articular field. It is important to focus on the different mechanisms which arise during cartilage remodelling and the possibilities of clinical applications. Three main themes were developed during the two days' work in the Paris symposium: the mechanical propoerties of cartilage and their modelling; the importance of the effects of mechanical stress on the physiology of the chondrocyte; and clinical applications and cartilage engineering. For future work there is a need to reinforce clinical and pharmacological studies on the importance of mechanical stresses on the properties of cartilage.