Hindu Spirituality and Virtue Politics analyzes the writings of four distinguished thinkers of India: S. Radhakrishnan, Vinoba Bhave, C. Rajagopalachari and A. K. Coomaraswamy. The author argues that there are two distinct visions of how Hindu spirituality is linked to modern liberal politics. The first and more popular vision draws from Vedanta ideals and moves toward a tight fit between spirituality and politics. The second and alternative vision, present in the writings of these four thinkers, is what this book analyzes in detail.

Drawing upon myths, symbols and epics rather than the abstract theology of Vedanta, the book explores a subtler and more realistic fit between spirituality and politics. The book highlights that not all thinkers and statesmen who plumbed Hindu spirituality were fanatics or fundamentalists; some of them were inspired by the desire to theorize from indigenous sources.