In this book, there are 25 chapters, each of which is an empirical analysis of either statewide data such as Texas or national data such as the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten. Each chapter contains an empirical analysis of contemporary issues in education today such as inequities in discipline consequences by student ethnicity/race, economic status, poverty, and gender; persistence rates of Black and Hispanic students in community colleges; academic achievement performance differences by ethnicity/race, economic status, and gender; and college-readiness rates of students.