3D ultrasound shows a still image of a foetus, far more detailed than the 2D flat grey scale imaging. 4D ultrasound is more advanced, showing a moving image, allowing obstetricians to evaluate foetal well-being. It is also used by gynaecologists to examine uterine anomalies.



The second edition of this book is a step by step guide to 3D and 4D ultrasound in obstetrics, gynaecology and infertility. Divided into seven sections, it begins with discussion on instruments and scanning techniques, and normal pelvic anatomy by ultrasound.



The following chapters examine uterine lesions and the use of ultrasound for infertility evaluation. The final sections discuss 3D/4D ultrasound in early pregnancy and foetal anatomy and malformations in mid and late pregnancy.



This concise handbook has been fully updated to include the latest developments in 3D/4D ultrasound, and includes nearly 220 detailed photographs and ultrasound images.





Key points





Fully updated, new edition presenting latest developments in 3D and 4D ultrasound in obstetrics, gynaecology and infertility
Describes normal pelvic anatomy to help recognition of anomalies and malformations
Includes numerous clinical photographs and ultrasound images
Previous edition published in 2008