Popular music has been a major force in the world since the 19th century. With the advent of electronic and advanced technology it has become ubiquitous. This is the second volume in a series of encyclopedic works covering popular music of the world. It consists of some 460 entries by 130 contributors from around the world. Entries range between 250 and 5000 words and are arranged in four parts: performers and performing; musical production and transmission; musical instruments; and musical forms and practice. Entries include musical examples, bibliographies, discographies and filmographies.