The research in agricultural sciences is making great strides with advancement in methodologies and techniques. Therefore, it becomes important to update oneself on the recent happenings in agricultural research. This book aims to compile the most recent information involving different articles pertaining to genomics, physiology, biochemistry, diseases, and abiotic stresses. Thus, the chapters provide information about plants that covers genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, molecular techniques for crop improvement, gene silencing, marker-assisted selection for crops, biotechnology and genetic engineering for developing stress tolerant crops, elicitor biotechnology, salt stress effects, heavy metal stress and phytoremediation, genetics of wheat rust resistance, improvement of Brassicas, nutritional aspects of cereals, and genetic transformation of fruit crops. The book is useful to the students and scientists working in the areas of agricultural research, and provides current knowledge of diverse research areas through the reviews written by subject experts.