This book collects recent work in OT-LFG (Optimality Theoretic Lexical Functional Grammar) which is developing the empirical coverage of the approach as well as the formal foundations of the OT approach. The papers deal with phenomena in a wide range of languages, including English, Fore, Hindi, Kashmiri, Korean, Marathi. Central to the general approach is the issue of typological implication and the notion of markedness. Additionally, some papers here take up issues related to language production and comprehension (in terms of bidirectional optimization), and some explore the formal foundations. This is a collection of papers which involve a new approach to syntax bringing together Optimality Theory (OT) and Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG). Its importance is precisely in this new approach, which differs from other OT approaches to syntax.