This volume provides an up-to-date understanding, from a fundamental and deep point of view, of the progress and current problems in the early universe, cosmic microwave background radiation, large scale structure, the dark matter problem, and the interplay between them. Emphasis is given to the mutual impact of fundamental physics and cosmology, at both the theoretical and the experimental or observational level, within a deep and well-defined programme, and a global unifying view, which provides, in addition, a careful interdisciplinary approach. Special lectures are devoted to neutrinos in astrophysics and high energy astrophysics.