Dental caries affects people throughout their lifetime, being a major factor in oral pain, aesthetic impairment, and edentulism. Untreated dental caries can affect adjoining oral tissues and lead to systemic complications. Prevention represents a key factor in managing this condition and includes public health measures, addressing risk factors as well as access to oral health services. A regular dental examination is crucial for detecting early signs of caries and determining optimal treatment. The proper selection of restoration methods and restorative materials may represent the difference between success and failure in dental caries management. This book includes seven chapters that focus on various important aspects of dental caries, including etiology, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management.