This book details both the fundamentals of nanocomposite materials as well as recent developments in applications such as water purification, packaging of nanocomposites, transportation, power and energy, biological and biomedical, and defense. The book simultaneously presents a unique and critical literature perspective and state-of-the-art materials. The book is designed to be suitable not only to students and researchers but also to individuals engaged in industry, including scientists, technicians, and managers.