CSA in collaboration with think tanks in Sri Lanka has organised studies and seminars over the years to address the internal conflict in Sri Lanka at its various stages. The end of the armed conflict in Sri Lanka brings a new era of hope and optimism to millions of Sri Lankans. It also poses formidable challenges to the Government of Sri Lanka in the nation building process. Sri Lanka is fully engaged in rebuilding its society. At this juncture, it is worthwhile to reflect on its achievements, shortfalls and gaps and take stock of the current state of affairs, look closely at some of the variables that would speed up the post war rehabilitation, reconstruction and rebuilding and explore as to how these processes can be made sustainable and lasting. To address these issues, CSA engaged nine experts from India and Sri Lanka to carry out research on themes managing political challenges in rebuilding the society, socio-economic challenges and challenges of harmonising ethnic diversity. This volume comprises of the papers presented by these nine experts at a seminar jointly organised by CSA and RCSS Colombo.