The problem in Jammu and Kashmir, having caused three major wars between India and Pakistan, has since late 1980's become a serious internal security problem. This is a politico-religious conflict reflecting elements of secession, self rule and greater economic control. Its effects are not only across the border but also global, with its potential to lead to war between two nuclear weapon states. The CSA study focuses on the consequences since causes remain historical while consequences are realities which societies and the government have to face. In long lasting internal conflicts, consequences tend to influence the conflict and even become the drivers of conflict. The generation which has been born and brought up facing the consequences also develops stakes in them. This volume focuses external and internal consequences of the conflict exploring the impact on governance, economy, interprovincial and interreligious relations, and specific segments of the society. It comprises of twelve research papers presented at the seminar held in Jammu in September 2010 in collaboration with the Department of Strategic and Regional Studies (DSRS), University of Jammu.