One way of improving flight safety is to increase judgment training for pilots. This requires an understanding of the physical and psychological factors involved in judgment. Shortly, applicants for both private and commercial pilot licences will be examined in the subject of "human performance and limitations". This covers basic aviation physiology and health maintenance; aviation psychology, stress, fatigue and their management, and the social psychology and ergonomics of the flightdeck. Not only will the subject be completely new to students - instructors will have to get to grips with a complex, new topic. This is likely to be the first guide on the subject, written by an author with considerable experience in preparing aviation training material. There will be a contribution from a doctor with experience of aviation medicine