When we look at an object, do we see what's really there? In this follow-up to the highly provocative Why We See What We Do, D. Purves and R. Beau Lotto argue that visual perceptions are reflexive manifestations of past behavioural success, rather than the result of a logical processing of present stimuli. The authors draw on a wealth of new evidence to support their argument, while retaining the clarity and energy that made the first edition so popular. Packed with diagrams and real-life examples, this text can be understood by those who are new to the subject as well as more advanced readers, making it an ideal resource for neuroscience and psychology students at any level.