The writings and example of Isaac Newton transformed understandings of the practice and meaning of the sciences across Europe in the centuries following the publication of the Principia in 1687. The essays in these volumes consider the impact of Newton's ideas from three distinct but interlocking perspectives: their reception in particular geographical areas and language communities; their importance for particular fields of intellectual and practical endeavour, and their influence on other thinkers who, in turn, shaped Newton's intellectual legacy. They provide, for the first time, a picture of the fate of Newton's work across mainland Europe, giving an account of Newton's influence in the humanities, arts and social sciences, as well as in mathematics, physics and the natural sciences in general.